Books – Page 3 – Dictionaries

The Adventures of Pinocchio – A story for adults

One of the most widely read books in the world, considered a metaphor for the human condition, and suitable for a variety of interpretations, The Adventures of Pinocchio has had a major impact on world culture. The book responds to … Read More

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The Adventures of Pinocchio – A Children’s Book for Adults (Adnotated)

The Adventures of Pinocchio, by Carlo Collodi (1826–1890) Translated into English by Mary Alice Murray (1892) Published by T. Fisher Unwin, 1892 Illustrated by Enrico Mazzanti (1850–1910) Images and text used from Wikisource (Public Domain) A Children’s Book for Adults, … Read More

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Principia: The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Annotated)

The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, by Isaac Newton (1642 – 1727) Translated into English by Andrew Motte (1693 – 1728) Published by Daniel Adee, 1846. Edited by N. W. Chittenden Addendum, by Nicolae Sfetcu: – Historical context: Action at … Read More

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Easter Celebration

Easter is the most important solemnity (just before Christmas) of the Church. It is the first of the five cardinal feasts of the Catholic liturgical year. Easter commemorates the resurrection of Jesus Christ laid down by the Bible, the third day after his passion. The solemnity begins on Easter Sunday, which for Catholics mark the end of fasting of Lent, and lasts for eight days (Easter week, or week or radiant, or week of eight Sundays).
Many customs dating back to ancient times designed to accommodate the return of spring attached themselves to Easter. The egg is the symbol of germination occurs in early spring. Similarly, the hare is an ancient symbol which has always represented fertility.
The custom of the Easter egg was found among Coptic Christians from the late fifth century, it is perhaps in memory of ardent eggs (ova ignita) with which the martyrs were tortured or red egg laid by an imperial hen the day of the birth of Alexander Severus in 208 BC. The tradition of offering eggs in spring dates back to antiquity: the Persians, the Egyptians offered, as a lucky, decorated hen eggs as renewal sign.
The rabbit once symbolizing fertility and renewal (like spring), it was in Upper Germany where was born the tradition (Osterhase) before it spreads in the Germanic countries. Subsequently, this tradition is exported to the United States by German immigrants in the eighteenth century.

CONTENTS:

Easter
– Date history
– Religious celebrations
– – Catholic Church
– – Orthodox and Eastern Churches
– – Evangelical Church
– Popular festivals and traditions
– Easter eggs
– Easter eggs
– – Symbolic
– – History
– – – The red eggs
– – – Painted eggs, pissanka and precious eggs
– – – Chocolate eggs
– – Games and traditions
– – – Egg hunting
– – – Egg rolling
– – – Egg battles
– Ash Wednesday
– Paschal Triduum
– Easter Water
– – Picking the Easter Water
– – Properties of Easter Water
– – – Physical properties
– – – Spiritual or magical properties
– – Washing in Water Easter
– Paschal candle
– – Rite of fire at Easter
– – Using the paschal candle
– Easter Monday
– – Liturgical and religious significance
– – Folk customs for Easter Monday
– Easter Bunny
– – Origin
– – Alternatives
– Osterbrunnen
Easter food
– Pastiera
– – Origins
– – – Mythical origin
– – – Other origins
– – Tradition
– – Features

MultiMedia Publishing House Edition: https://www.telework.ro/en/e-books/easter-celebration/

Easter Celebration

Evolution and Ethics of Eugenics

As eugenics is defined, it is very difficult to make a clear distinction between science (medicine, genetic engineering) and eugenics as a included field. And to set a line over which genetic engineering should not go further, according to moral, legal and religious norms. If we accept the help of genetics in finding ways to fight cancer, diabetes, or HIV, we also accept positive eugenics as they are defined now. And if we accept genetic screening, and interventions on the unborn baby, or abortion, we also implicitly accept negative eugenics. In addition, at government level, although eugenics are officially denied, it has been legalized in many countries until recently, and is still accepted and legalized, albeit in subtle forms, even these days. The section Introduction defines the term and classification modes. The section History of Eugenics follows eugenics from the ancient period, the introduction of eugenics by Francis Galton, the practice of eugenics as a state policy in various countries, and the present eugenics (liberal eugenics). I then analyze various issues raised by the Ethics of Liberal Eugenics, and I have developed a special section for the Future of Eugenics, focusing on the human genome project. Finally, in the Conclusions, I express my personal views on the current practice of eugenics.

CONTENTS:

Abstract
Introduction
New Eugenics
The Future of Eugenics
Conclusions
Bibliography

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.28662.45120

MultiMedia Publishing EPUB (ISBN 978-606-033-215-2), Kindle (ISBN 978-606-033-214-5), PDF (ISBN 978-606-033-216-9) https://www.telework.ro/en/e-books/evolution-and-ethics-of-eugenics/

Evolution and Ethics of Eugenics

Isaac Newton vs. Robert Hooke on the law of universal gravitation

One of the most disputed controversy over the priority of scientific discoveries is that of the law of universal gravitation, between Isaac Newton and Robert Hooke. Hooke accused Newton of plagiarism, of taking over his ideas expressed in previous works. In this paper I try to show, on the basis of previous analysis, that both scientists were wrong: Robert Hooke because his theory was basically only ideas that would never have materialized without Isaac Newton’s mathematical support; and the latter was wrong by not recognizing Hooke’s ideas in drawing up the theory of gravity. Moreover, after Hooke’s death and taking over the Royal Society presidency, Newton removed from the institution any trace of the former president Robert Hooke. For this, I detail the accusations and arguments of each of the parts, and how this dispute was perceived by the contemporaries of the two scientists. I finish the paper with the conclusions drawn from the contents.

Keywords: Isaac Newton, Robert Hooke, law of gravity, priority, plagiarism

CONTENTS

Abstract
Introduction
Robert Hooke’s contribution to the law of universal gravitation
Isaac Newton’s contribution to the law of universal gravitation
Robert Hooke’s claim of his priority on the law of universal gravitation
Newton’s defense
The controversy in the opinion of other contemporary scientists
What the supporters of Isaac Newton say
What the supporters of Robert Hooke say
Conclusions
Bibliography

14.01.2019

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19370.26567

MultiMedia Publishing EPUB (ISBN 978-606-033-206-0), Kindle (ISBN 978-606-033-205-3), PDF (ISBN 978-606-033-204-6) https://www.telework.ro/en/e-books/isaac-newton-vs-robert-hooke-on-the-law-of-universal-gravitation/

Isaac Newton vs. Robert Hooke on the law of universal gravitation

The distinction between falsification and refutation in the demarcation problem of Karl Popper

Despite the criticism of Karl Popper’s falsifiability theory for the demarcation between science and non-science, mainly pseudo-science, this criterion is still very useful, and perfectly valid after it was perfected by Popper and his followers. Moreover, even in his original version, considered by Lakatos as “dogmatic”, Popper did not assert that this methodology is an absolute demarcation criterion: a single counter-example is not enough to falsify a theory; a theory can legitimately be saved from falsification by introducing an auxiliary hypothesis. Compared to Kuhn’s theory of revolutions, which he himself later dissociated from it transforming it into a theory of “micro-revolutions,” I consider that Popper’s demarcation methodology, along with the subsequent development proposed by him, including the corroboration and the verisimilitude, though imperfect, is not only valid today, but it is still the best demarcation methodology. For argumentation, I used the main works of Popper dealing with this issue, and his main critics and supporters. After a brief presentation of Karl Popper, and an introduction to the demarcation problem and the falsification methodology, I review the main criticisms and the arguments of his supporters, emphasizing the idea that Popper has never put the sign of equality between falsification and rejection. Finally, I present my own conclusions on this issue.

Keywords: Karl Popper, falsifiability, falsification, demarcation problem, pseudo-science

CONTENTS

Abstract
Introduction
1 The demarcation problem
2 Pseudoscience
3 Falsifiability
4 Falsification and refutation
5 Extension of falsifiability
6 Criticism of falsifiability
7 Support of falsifiability
8 The current trend
Conclusions
Bibliography
Notes

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22522.54725

(28.02.2019)

MultiMedia Publishing EPUB (ISBN 978-606-033-209-1), Kindle (ISBN 978-606-033-208-4), PDF (ISBN 978-606-033-207-7) https://www.telework.ro/ro/e-books/the-distinction-between-falsification-and-refutation-in-the-demarcation-problem-of-karl-popper/

The distinction between falsification and refutation in the demarcation problem of Karl Popper

Editing and Publishing e-Books

You wrote a book. Very nice. But you didn’t write to keep it for you. You should publish it. The problem is that the publishers charge high prices for some authors pockets, and do it objectively, due to the high cost of printing.
But you allowed that luxury, and now you have a printed book, with you as the author. You can keep hundreds or thousands of volumes in your personal library and give it as a gift to your friends in special occasions, or try to distribute in various libraries. You managed to distribute it, the book is beautifully placed in shelves. In time, dust is spread on covers. After a while, the book is withdrawn. It remains to use it as decoration at home, or support for various household items.
But lucky for you, there is an alternative, cheaper and more effective, in selling your book: e-Books!
e-Book and online publishing market has evolved rapidly in recent years, and a lot of companies have entered this market, as publishers, online bookstores, or promoting e-books.

CONTENTS:

Books
– The Book Science
– Book chain
– – Creation
– – Production
– – Marketing
– – Other forms of secondary spread
– – Evolution of the book industry
– Book economics
– – Descriptive elements
– – – Reading and editing
– – – The Book market
– – Writing and editing books
– – – An endless supply of writers?
– – – Publishing contracts
– – Book market theory
– – – Differentiated products with uncertain prospects
– – – Booksellers, prescribers and word of mouth
Editing
– Calibre
– – Management of one or more libraries
– – – Structure
– – – User Interface
– – – Virtual or separate libraries
– – e-Book conversion to various digital formats
– – Synchronization with e-readers and other e-book reading devices
– – – Managed e-readers
– – Downloading articles from the web and publishing as a digital book
– – e-Reader
– – Content server for online access to its collection of books
– – Calibre and DRM
– iBooks Author
– Sigil
Publishing
– Book publishing
– Book manufacturing and trade
– – Creation
– – From the author to the publisher
– – From the publisher to the printer
– – Printing
– – Marketing
– Intellectual activity
– Publishing houses
– Vanity press
– – Commercial service
– – Conditions
– Small press
– – Definitions
– – – Pragmatic definition
– – – Independent publishers facing the majors publishers
– – – Proposals to reform the publishing industry
– Self-publishing
– – Stages of publication
– – Market
– Print on demand
– – Benefits
– – Applications
– – Dedicated machines
Electronic publishing
– Network edition
– The web content
– Print on demand
– Free license vs. proprietary license
– Project Gutenberg
– The digital edition
– The “ideal” characteristics of the electronic text
– – Readability
– – Maneuverability
– – Quotability
– – Localization
– – Impacts
– COUNTER
– Open access
– – Authors and researchers
e-Books
– Advantages and disadvantages
– – Maneuverability
– – Accessibility
– – Independence of the reading device
– – Risks
– History
– Digital Rights Management (DRM)
– – Watermarking
– – Free books
e-Book formats
– EPUB
– – Concept
– – Reading material
– – – eReaders
– – – Smartphones and tablets
– – Software
– – – EPUB Managers
– – – EPUB Readers
– – – EPUB Editors
– – – Word processing and desktop publishing software exporting to EPUB
– – – EPUB Converters
– MP3 files
– – Uses
– – Utilizations
– PDF documents (Portable Document Format)
– Word DOC documents
– – Alternatives
– ZIP files
– – Decompression programs
– – Tips
e-Readers
– History of e-book readers
– e-Book reader specifications
– e-Books or paper book?
– – Benefits
– – Disadvantages
– Environmental impact
– Amazon Kindle
– – Description and features
– iBooks
– – Presentation
– – Installation
– – Operation
– – Formats
– Nook
– – Technical specifications
– Scribd
– – Supported formats
– – Products and features
Quotes
References
Abouth the author
– Nicolae Sfetcu
– – By the same author
– – Contact
Publishing House
– MultiMedia Publishing

MultiMedia Publishing: https://www.telework.ro/en/e-books/editing-publishing-e-books/

Editing and Publishing e-Books

Isaac Newton on the action at a distance in gravity: With or without God?

The interpretation of Isaac Newton’s texts has sparked controversy to this day. One of the most heated debates relates to the action between two bodies distant from each other (the gravitational attraction), and to what extent Newton involved God in this case. Practically, most of the papers discuss four types of gravitational attractions in the case of remote bodies: direct distance action as intrinsic property of bodies in epicurean sense; direct remote action divinely mediated by God; remote action mediated by a material ether; or remote action mediated by an immaterial ether. The purpose of this paper is to argue that Newton categorically rejected the types of direct action as the intrinsic property of bodies, and remote action mediated by a material ether. Concerning the other two types of action, direct through divine intervention and mediated through an immaterial environment, Newton has repeatedly stated that he does not know the exact cause of gravity, but in both cases, he has directly involved God, directly in the first case and as the primary cause (the environment/ether being the secondary cause) in immaterial mediated action. But since recognition of direct distance action could have given some credit to those who thought gravity could be essential to matter, and hence to atheism, Newton never openly acknowledged the possibility of such an idea.